There are many types of eye diseases, 4 common cataracts that we are familiar with are glaucoma, pterygium, cataracts and glaucoma , which have different symptoms in each disease name. Some types of cataracts, if left untreated, can lead to vision loss. We should be aware of all 4 cataracts in order to cope and be able to keep our eyes safe.
Tharinee Sangiampornpanich, M.D. An ophthalmologist who specializes in corneal and refractive surgery at Bangkok Hospital said that cataracts or cataracts that occur with the eyes can be caused by a variety of causes. The symptoms and severity vary from eye irritation to blurry vision or even blindness.
Beware of 4 “cataracts” diseases that hurt the eyes, aged 30 years and over are at high risk
- Catfish ( Pinguecula)
The appearance is a bulge on the conjunctiva on the side of the cornea or sclera. will be located only in the conjunctiva (Conjunctiva) most often occurs in the inner corner of the eye near the nose. but can occur at the outer corner of the eye and the inner corner of the eye at the same time when the conjunctiva bulges Will result in more eye irritation. This is caused by UV rays, such as from the sun, and when exposed to wind or dust, it can increase eye irritation due to inflammation or dry eye skin.
It can be found in all genders and ages, found mostly in tropical countries. because of its association with sun exposure In most cases, the age found is over 30 years old.
The symptoms that occur are
– irritated eyes
– burning eyes
– itchy eyes
– red eyes
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Treatment for cataracts depends on the severity of the disease. If you have to be small won’t feel very irritated In this stage of treatment, the doctor will recommend a focus on prevention. so as not to be more by strictly protecting the eyes from ultraviolet rays By wearing sunglasses regularly when doing outdoor activities. in order not to grow aggressively If there is irritation if red inflammation occurs Your doctor will recommend medicated eye drops to relieve irritation. reduce inflammation
2.Pterygium ( Pterygium)
It has a triangular shape. with the head on the cornea The conjunctiva-like tissue, which has blood vessels running, clings to the cornea. It will be more or less red depending on the amount of blood vessels around the pterygium and inflammation. Most pterygium is located in the inner corner of the eye near the nose. but can occur at the corners of the eyes and the inner corners of the eyes at the same time Pterygium is caused by prolonged exposure to ultraviolet (UV) light.
It is often found in people who live in hot climates. Outdoor daily life or exposed to large amounts of sunlight
if the pterygium has spread to the cornea and large chronic inflammation and worsening vision due to pressure on the cornea. Your doctor may recommend pterygium removal surgery. to remove pterygium tissue from the conjunctiva and corneal surface. Even if it’s surgically removed, there’s a high chance it will come back. This is particularly true in younger patients and those who continue to be exposed to UV radiation.
Therefore, in order to prevent recurrence of pterygium, doctors often perform surgery by grafting new tissue using the patient’s own conjunctiva or a specially prepared placenta membrane. Which is the current standard method, which may be by using tissue sutures or using Fibrin Glue. Especially late to early afternoon. If doing outdoor activities, sunglasses should be worn every time. And try to avoid areas with wind, dust, smoke that can cause more inflammation and irritation.
3.Cataract ( Cataract)
Age-related deterioration of the lens of the eye causes the lens to become cloudy. Usually found in people aged 50 years and over, but can also be caused by other causes, such as being born or from accidents with the eyes or receiving steroid drugs, etc.
Everyone has a chance to get cataracts as they age due to deterioration of the body. It may be fast, slow, different.
The symptoms found are
– seeing as if there is fog or fog
– seeing distorted colors
– double vision – blurred vision
during the night rather than during the day
– when in the sun, the eyes can’t fight the light
There is no treatment with medication or eye drops. When the vision becomes dim and affects life, it should be treated with surgery. Currently, the popular standard method is Phacoemulsification with phacoemulsification and intraocular lens implantation (Phacoemulsification with Intraocular Lens), mostly using only local anesthesia, quick surgery, small incision. come back to see quickly no hospital stay An artificial intraocular lens that is replaced after cataracts have been removed. Currently, there are many types to choose from according to the needs of patients. There are both lenses that are clear in one distance. see far more clearly or multifocal lens wearing less glasses come back to life more easily Or if the patient has astigmatism, they can correct astigmatism at the same time by selecting the appropriate lens.
Prevention It is always recommended to wear sunglasses when outdoors to protect against ultraviolet rays. Don’t let your eyes get hit. Avoid using steroids unnecessarily. And when you get older, your eyes should be examined once a year because most cataracts are associated with age-related degeneration.
4.Glaucoma ( Glaucoma)
Degenerative diseases of the optic nerves and optic nerves cause loss of vision. visual field narrows Elevated intraocular pressure is often found as a risk factor for worsening of the disease. Resulting in damage to the optic nerve and the optic nerve terminal. can cause permanent loss of visual field
Most patients are unaware that they have the disease. Because a large group of glaucoma has no symptoms beforehand. But if it is acute angle-closure glaucoma, there may be pain in the eye, red eyes, some types of glaucoma, intraocular pressure is not high. But the eye pressure must be controlled to a level that does not cause further deterioration. If not treated, the visual field will gradually fade away. narrowed to the point of blindness in the end
It can be found in all ages, but the most common is age 40 and over.
Glaucoma can include acute glaucoma with sudden eye pain and seeing rainbow lights around lights. and chronic glaucoma without any symptoms You need to have your eyes examined and your intraocular pressure measured to be able to know.
Even treatment does not cure it. But it helps control the symptoms from getting worse. Most of them were treated to control intraocular pressure appropriately. This includes the use of eye drops, oral medications, and laser treatment according to the type of glaucoma. and surgery used when medication and laser therapy have not worked. Depending on the consideration of the ophthalmologist to control the intraocular pressure to be in a good condition, people aged 40 years and over should have their eyes checked annually.
It’s important to have yearly eye exams with an ophthalmologist. In addition to helping to assess the health of the eyes in detail. If an eye problem is detected, cataracts can be treated promptly. before the fatal loss of vision